ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE RATES OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS IN SANA’A, YEMEN

Sami Mohammed Abdo Hassan; Khaled Abdulkareem Al-Moyed; Sami Sultan Ahmed Abdu; Ibrahim Ali Al-Arashi; Elham Hussein Ali Khalil; Eshtiaq A Al-Yosaffi; Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy; Amirh Abdullah Sa'aed Aljabri

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v11i2.1528

Sami Mohammed Abdo Hassan Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Al-Nasser University, Yemen.
Khaled Abdulkareem Al-Moyed Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University.
Sami Sultan Ahmed Abdu Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Yemen.
Ibrahim Ali Al-Arashi Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Thamar University, Yemen.
Elham Hussein Ali Khalil Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Thamar University, Yemen.
Eshtiaq A Al-Yosaffi Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Yemen.
Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Yemen. Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Thamar University, Yemen.
Amirh Abdullah Sa'aed Aljabri Medical Microbiology and Clinical Immunology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Al-Nasser University, Yemen.

10.22270/ujpr.v11i2.1528

Keywords:

Antimicrobial resistance, diabetes mellitus, empirical treatment, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, uropathogens

Abstract

Background and aims: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections, particularly among diabetic patients. These infections are often complicated by antibiotic resistance and the patients' susceptibility to infection, making empirical treatment difficult. This study was conducted to identify the pattern of antibiotic resistance in UTI pathogens among diabetic patients in the medical ward of Kuwait Hospital in Sana'a, Yemen, with the aim of improving the empirical treatment of UTIs with antibiotics.

Materials and Methods: Total 454 DM patients were sent to the medical ward of the Al-Kwait University Hospital clinics in Sana'a, Yemen, for this cross-sectional study. In order to perform a urine culture, a clean, sterile urine sample (midstream pee) was collected, cultured, and the pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified.

Results: The mean patient age was 48.2 years, with 73.1% being ≥ 40 years old. Escherichia coli caused 41 (42%) of UTIs, Klebsiella pneumoniae 33 (34%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9 (9.3%), and Enterococcus faecalis 6 (6.2%).Resistance rates in E. coli are high, reaching 95% for amoxicillin and 70.7% for ampicillin, with varying levels of resistance for other antibiotics, ranging from 36.6% to 92.7% for agents like ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin. Low resistance rates were noted for amikacin (4.9%) and other select antibiotics. Klebsiella pneumoniae displayed 100% resistance to amoxicillin and ampicillin, with lower resistance rates for amikacin (0%) and levofloxacin (18.2%).

Conclusions: The increasing resistance of antibiotics highlights the need for up-to-date local data to guide empirical treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs). Amikacin, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin , clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and tobramycinhave demonstrated low resistance rates and could be an effective first-line treatment for UTIs at Al-Kuwait Hospital.