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    <timestamp>20260515073303000</timestamp>
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    <registrant>Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research</registrant>
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        <full_title>Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research</full_title>
        <abbrev_title>Univ J Pharm Res</abbrev_title>
        <issn media_type="electronic">2456-8058</issn>
        <issn media_type="print">2831-5235</issn>
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          <month>05</month>
          <day>15</day>
          <year>2026</year>
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          <title>BREAST CANCER AND FERTILITY: WHO FRAMEWORK FOR REPRODUCTIVE COUNSELING IN YOUNG AFRICAN PATIENTS</title>
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        <contributors>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="first">
            <surname>Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <surname>Majane Agnes Leshoele</surname>
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          <jats:p>Breast cancer is becoming more acknowledged as a major health issue for young women in Africa, where it is frequently identified at more advanced stages and at a younger age than the worldwide averages. The convergence of breast cancer and fertility creates distinct clinical and psychosocial difficulties, as numerous patients are in their childbearing years and confront the dual pressure of a life-threatening illness and the possible loss of fertility from treatment. Thus, tackling fertility preservation is an essential aspect of holistic cancer treatment for young African women. The World Health Organization (WHO) created a framework to incorporate reproductive counseling into cancer treatment, highlighting early assessment of fertility risks, education for patients, culturally appropriate counseling, and availability of fertility preservation services. Nonetheless, the execution in African contexts is still restricted because of resource limitations, absence of specialized services, socio-cultural obstacles, and inadequate awareness among providers. These difficulties emphasize the necessity for customized approaches that take into account the local health system and cultural environment.
                 
Peer Review History: 
Received 3 February 2026;   Reviewed 12 March 2026; Accepted  13 April; Available online 15 May 2026
Academic Editor: Dr. Sally A. El-Zahaby, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt, sally.elzahaby@yahoo.com
Reviewers:
Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com
Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, toyinpharm@gmail.com</jats:p>
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