_1778830101 20260515072821000 Editor editor.jddt@gmail.com Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Univ J Pharm Res 2456-8058 2831-5235 05 15 2026 Imbabazizayo Prosper Tuyizere Aime Harshil Majethia Said Salim Said Background: The rise in bacteria resistant to antibiotics is a serious global health problem, pushing the search for new ways to fight them. Using green synthesis to synthesize nanoparticles is a sustainable alternative to traditional, more polluting methods. This research looks at using cow urine, a natural resource with components that can help in the synthesis, to create cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) nanoparticles. Methods: We synthesized Cu₂O nanoparticles through a simple green process that uses cow urine and ascorbic acid to reduce the starting materials. Then, we used several techniques UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and Zeta potential/DLS – to check the nanoparticles and find out their properties like size and stability. Finally, we tested how well the nanoparticles could kill/deactivate Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Results: The tests confirmed presence of Cu₂O nanoparticles, with a key absorbance at 419 nm. FTIR showed the presence of Cu-O bonds and other chemical groups. The nanoparticles were moderately stable, with a zeta potential of -4.732 mV, and their size was around 271.3 nm. They were effective against both bacteria, but S. aureus was more sensitive to them. Conclusion: This study shows that it's possible to produce Cu₂O nanoparticles in a green and easy way using cow urine and ascorbic acid. These nanoparticles can effectively fight bacteria, suggesting they could be a valuable tool in the fight against antibiotic resistance and a more sustainable approach to making nanomaterials.                 Peer Review History: Received 3 February 2026;   Reviewed 11 March 2026; Accepted  12 April; Available online 15 May 2026 Academic Editor: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, olorunsolaeo@yahoo.com Reviewers: Dr. Eyassu Mathewos, Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachamo University, Durame Campus, Durame, Ethiopia, eyumathi@gmail.com Dr. Noha El Baghdady, MTI University, Cairo, Egypt, nohasalah21@yahoo.com   05 15 2026 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 10.22270/ujpr.v11i2.1532 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1532 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1532/2127 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1532/2127 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1532/2128 https://ujpronline.com/index.php/journal/article/download/1532/2151